Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original articles

Nephrology
Cortical thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate gyrus is associated with frailty in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis in Korea: a cross-sectional study: Sang Hyun Jung, Jong Soo Oh, So-Young Lee, Hye Yun Jeong; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):381-387. Published online March 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00941

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Background
Frailty is defined as a condition of being weak and delicate, and it represents a state of high vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. Recent studies have suggested that the cingulate gyrus is associated with frailty in the elderly population. However, few imaging studies have explored the relationship between frailty and the cingulate gyrus in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods
Eighteen right-handed patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled in the study. We used the FreeSurfer software package to estimate the cortical thickness of the regions of interest, including the rostral anterior, caudal anterior, isthmus, and posterior cingulate gyri. The Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and laboratory tests were also conducted.
Results
The cortical thickness of the right rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) was significantly correlated with the Fried frailty index, age, and creatinine level. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the cortical thickness of the right rostral ACG was associated with frailty after controlling for age and creatinine level.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that the cortical thickness of the rostral ACG may be associated with frailty in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis and that the rostral ACG may play a role in the frailty mechanism of this population.

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The impact of balance exercise on brain age and brain morphometry: insights from MRI analysis
Varima Narula, Denise Taylor, Ruth McLaren, Rachael L. Taylor, Susan Mahon, Paul F. Smith, Shikha Chaudhary, Roger W. Winton, Justin Fernandez, Vickie Shim, Alan Wang
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

Oncology and Cancer Research
Clinical implication of adjuvant chemotherapy according to mismatch repair status in patients with intermediate-risk stage II colon cancer: a retrospective study: Byung Woog Kang, Dong Won Baek, Eunhye Chang, Hye Jin Kim, Su Yeon Park, Jun Seok Park, Gyu Seog Choi, Jin Ho Baek, Jong Gwang Kim; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(2):141-149. Published online December 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01571

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Abstract PDF

Background
The present study evaluated the clinical implications of adjuvant chemotherapy according to the mismatch repair (MMR) status and clinicopathologic features of patients with intermediate- and high-risk stage II colon cancer (CC).
Methods
This study retrospectively reviewed 5,774 patients who were diagnosed with CC and underwent curative surgical resection at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital. The patients were enrolled according to the following criteria: (1) pathologically diagnosed with primary CC; (2) stage II CC classified based on the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system; (3) intermediate- and high-risk features; and (4) available test results for MMR status. A total of 286 patients met these criteria and were included in the study.
Results
Among the 286 patients, 54 (18.9%) were identified as microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or deficient MMR (dMMR). Although all the patients identified as MSI-H/dMMR showed better survival outcomes, T4 tumors and adjuvant chemotherapy were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival. For the intermediate-risk patients identified as MSI-low (MSI-L)/microsatellite stable (MSS) or proficient MMR (pMMR), adjuvant chemotherapy exhibited a significantly better disease-free survival (DFS) but had no impact on overall survival (OS). Oxaliplatin-containing regimens showed no association with DFS or OS. Adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with DFS in intermediate-risk patients identified as MSI-H/dMMR.
Conclusion
The current study found that the use of adjuvant chemotherapy was correlated with better DFS in MSI-L/MSS or pMMR intermediate-risk stage II CC patients.

Citations

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Behavioral and Neuroanatomical Consequences of Cell-Type Specific Loss of Dopamine D2 Receptors in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex
Gloria S. Lee, Devon L. Graham, Brenda L. Noble, Taylor S. Trammell, Deirdre M. McCarthy, Lisa R. Anderson, Marcelo Rubinstein, Pradeep G. Bhide, Gregg D. Stanwood
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A pilot retrospective study of comprehensive nursing care on psychological disorder in colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy
Zhou-Yi Zhang, Rui Wang, Li Zhang, Ming-Li Gu, Xiu-E Guan
Medicine.2022; 101(28): e29707. CrossRef

Radiology, Radiotherapy & Diagnostic Imaging
Assessment of solid components of borderline ovarian tumor and stage I carcinoma: added value of combined diffusion- and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: See Hyung Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(3):231-240. Published online June 13, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00234; Correction in: J Yeungnam Med Sci 2020;37(2):147

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Abstract PDF

Background
We sought to determine the value of combining diffusion-weighted (DW) and perfusion-weighted (PW) sequences with a conventional magnetic resonance (MR) sequence to assess solid components of borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and stage I carcinomas.
Methods
Conventional, DW, and PW sequences in the tumor imaging studies of 70 patients (BOTs, n=38; stage I carcinomas, n=32) who underwent surgery with pathologic correlation were assessed. Two independent radiologists calculated the parameters apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), Ktrans (vessel permeability), and Ve (cell density) for the solid components. The distribution on conventional MR sequence and mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence interval of each DW and PW parameter were calculated. The inter-observer agreement among the two radiologists was assessed. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and multivariate logistic regression were performed to compare the effectiveness of DW and PW sequences for average values and to characterize the diagnostic performance of combined DW and PW sequences.
Results
There were excellent agreements for DW and PW parameters between radiologists. The distributions of ADC, Ktrans and Ve values were significantly different between BOTs and stage I carcinomas, yielding AUCs of 0.58 and 0.68, 0.78 and 0.82, and 0.70 and 0.72, respectively, with ADC yielding the lowest diagnostic performance. The AUCs of the DW, PW, and combined PW and DW sequences were 0.71±0.05, 0.80±0.05, and 0.85±0.05, respectively.
Conclusion
Combining PW and DW sequences to a conventional sequence potentially improves the diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation of BOTs and stage I carcinomas.

Citations

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A predictive model for recurrence in patients with borderline ovarian tumor based on neural multi-task logistic regression
Qiulin Ye, Yue Qi, Juanjuan Liu, Yuexin Hu, Xiao Li, Qian Guo, Danye Zhang, Bei Lin
BMC Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
AUTOETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH; DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PROCESS OF BORDERLINE OVARIAN TUMORS AND NURSING CARE EXPERIENCES
Emek Bakanoğlu Kalkavan
Fe Dergi.2025; 17(2): 80. CrossRef
Comparison of conventional diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion in characterization of sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses
Gurkawal Kaur, Smita Manchanda, Raju Sharma, Surabhi Vyas, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, Smriti Hari, Neerja Bhatla, Sandeep R. Mathur
Abdominal Radiology.2024; 49(5): 1512. CrossRef
Advances in fertility preserving surgery for borderline ovarian tumors
Mingdan Wang, Kuiran Liu
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2022; 270: 206. CrossRef
Recurrence characteristics and clinicopathological results of borderline ovarian tumors
Lina Niu, Huihui Tian, Yongjun Xu, Jieqiong Cao, Xu Zhang, Junli Zhang, Jiajia Hou, Weiqin Lv, Junxia Wang, Li Xin, XuFeng Dong, Tao Xu, Yuan Nan, Hua Wei, Xinting Chai, Na Li, Yan Ni, Yun Shang, Lizhen Zhang, Ye Zhao
BMC Women's Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Erratum to “Assessment of solid components of borderline ovarian tumor and stage I carcinoma: added value of combined diffusion- and perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging”
See Hyung Kim
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2020; 37(2): 147. CrossRef
Minimal apparent diffusion coefficient value of the solid component to differentiate borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumours: a preliminary report
Sahat B.R.E. Matondang, Avrilia Ekawati, Andrijono Andrijono, Hartono Tjahjadi, Joedo Prihartono
Polish Journal of Radiology.2020; 85: 250. CrossRef

Pathology and Forensic Medicine
What are the most important prognostic factors in patients with residual rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy?: Sol-Min Kim, Ghilsuk Yoon, An Na Seo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(2):124-135. Published online April 1, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00157

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Abstract PDF

Background
We aimed to establish robust histoprognostic predictors on residual rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Methods
Analyzing known histoprognostic factors in 146 patients with residual disease allows associations with patient outcome to be evaluated.
Results
The median follow-up time was 77.8 months, during which 59 patients (40.4%) experienced recurrence and 41 (28.1%) died of rectal cancer. On univariate analysis, residual tumor size, ypT category, ypN category, ypTNM stage, downstage, tumor regression grade, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, venous invasion, and circumferential resection margin (CRM) were significantly associated with recurrence free survival (RFS) or/and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (all p<0.005). On multivariate analysis, higher ypTNM stage and CRM positivity were identified as independent prognostic factors for RFS (ypTNM stage, p=0.024; CRM positivity, p<0.001) and CSS (p=0.022, p=0.017, respectively). Furthermore, CRM positivity was an independent predictor of reduced RFS, irrespective of subgrouping according to downstage (non-downstage, p=0.001; downstage, p=0.010) or lymph node metastasis (non-metastasis, p=0.004; metastasis, p=0.007).
Conclusion
CRM status may be as powerful as ypTNM stage as a prognostic indicator for patient outcome in patients with residual rectal cancer after preoperative CRT.

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Risk score model for predicting local control and survival in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Tuba Kurt Catal, Günay Can, İsmai̇l Demi̇rel, Sefi̇ka Ergen, Di̇dem Öksüz
Oncology Letters.2025; 29(5): 1. CrossRef
Potential Prognostic Factors in Low Rectal Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation and Abdominoperineal Resection
Mohamed I Fahim, Fady Shafeik, Rasha M Allam, Marina Asaad, Mohammad Taher
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Poor nutrition and sarcopenia are related to systemic inflammatory response in patients with rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy
Shinya Abe, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazushige Kawai, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Shigenobu Emoto, Junko Kishikawa, Tsuyoshi Ozawa, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Yuzo Nagai, Hiroyuki Anzai, Hirofumi Sonoda, Soichiro Ishihara
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2022; 37(1): 189. CrossRef
Preoperative sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in lower rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective study
Shinya Abe, Kazushige Kawai, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Shigenobu Emoto, Junko Kishikawa, Hiroaki Ishii, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Yuzo Nagai, Hiroyuki Anzai, Hirofumi Sonoda, Koji Oba, Soichiro Ishihara
International Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 27(1): 141. CrossRef
A Four-Methylated lncRNAs-Based Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Le-En Liao, Dan-Dan Hu, Yun Zheng
Genes.2020; 11(8): 908. CrossRef

Original Articles

Surgery
The Clinical Relevance of Distinguishing pT2 Gastric Cancer According to the Depth of Invasion and a Difference of Prognosis: Se Won Kim, Sun Kyo Song, Sang Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S416-423. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S416

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Abstract PDF

Purpose：A difference of a pathologic characteristic in proportion to depth of invasion analyzed in T2 gastric cancer and a difference of depth of invasion examined an influence to lymph node metastasis and prognosis. Materials and Methods：The clinicopathologic outcomes of 432 patients who underwent curative resection for pT2 stage gastric cancers from 1995 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. We are compared on lymphatic metastasis, stage distribution, histologic classification, Bormann’s classification, Lauren classification, vessel invasion, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion and 5-year survival rate of pT2 groups(mp vs. ss).
Results
：pT2b(ss) group compare to pT2a(mp) in Lauren classification, ratio of diffused type was higher(p<0.05) and in Bormann classification, infiltration type was higher (p<0.01). Vessel and lymphatic invasion, neural invasion showed significant difference between pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) (p<0.01). Difference noted between pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) group in a lymph node metastatic rate, degree of a metastasis and stage distribution (p<0.01). On stratifying patients according to depth of invasion, 5-year suvival rate for those with pT2a(mp) group was significantly greater than those with pT2b(ss) group(82.4% vs. 47.4%, respectively: P<0.01). In this study, appeared with the significant prognostic factor in 5-year suvival rate which multivariate analysis, depth of invasion(P<0.05) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01) that enforced the total gastric cancer patient who had T2 gastric cancer with the object noted, but for patients with accurately staged pN0 group, suvival characteristics were similar for pT2a (mp) and pT2b(ss) gastric cancer (P=0.97).
Conclusion
：The subclassification of pT2 gastric cancer into pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) is necessary to demonstrate their different prognosis.

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The Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of pT2a and pT2b Gastric Cancer
Byoung Hyun Choi, Ji Hoon Kim, Jin Ho Kwak, Hyuck Jae Jang, Myung Sik Han
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society.2009; 77(4): 257. CrossRef

Surgery
The Comparison of Survival Rates of Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapies in The Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients.: Eun Mi Kim, Se Won Kim, Sang Woon Kim, Sun Kyo Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2006;23(2):193-204. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2006.23.2.193

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE: Various postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimens have been proposed for the patients with advanced gastric cancer. The majority of clinical trials have shown no significant difference in the survival benefit. The aim of this study was to compare the survival rates of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapies used in stage III gastric cancer patients who received curative gastrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1990 and 1999, a survival analysis was performed in 260 patients who received curative gastric resection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were divided into four groups according to the chemotherapeutic regimens received. The groups were: the F group: furtulon alone, FM group: furtulon and mitomycin, FAM group: 5-FU, adriamycin and mitomycin, FLEP group: 5-FU, leucovorin, etoposide and cisplatin. The survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: There were no differences among the groups of patients with regard to tumor characteristics except for lymph node metastasis and the ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes. In the FLEP group, the ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes was higher than in the other groups. The five and ten year survival rates of F, FM, FAM and FLEP were 51.9%, 28.9%, 59.5%, 49.8%, 66.1%, 57.4% and 30.0%, 27.5%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that age, Borrmann type, lymph node metastasis, ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and recurrence were significant factors for survival. For the multivariate analysis, recurrence, age, Borrmann type, ratio of lymph node metastasis and lymph node dissection were independent prognostic factors; however, the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was not an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: The FAM regimen was the most beneficial postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for improved survival rates; the FM regimen was the second and the FLEP regimen was the last. In order to determine the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer, well designed prospective studies including a surgery only group will be needed.

Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine
A Clinical Study of 20 Uterine Sarcomas.: Young Gi Lee, Yoon Kee Park, Doo Jin Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1998;15(2):275-285. Published online December 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1998.15.2.275

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Abstract PDF: Sarcoma of the uterus is very rare malignant tumor originating from uterine muscle or connective tissue. We have experienced 20 cases of uterine sarcoma from January 1991 to June 1998. The results were as follows: 1. The pathologic types were 13 cases(65.0%) of leiomyosarcoma, 5 cases(25.0%) of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor, 1 case of rhabdomyosarcoma, and 1 case of angiosarcoma. 2. The average age and parity was 50.2 and 3.7. The chief complaints were irregular vaginal bleeding(35.0%), lower abdominal pain(25.0%), and abdominal mass(25.0%). 3. Nine cases(45.0%) were FIGO stage I, 1 case(5.0%) was stage II, 6 cases(30.0%) were stage III, and 4 cases(20.0%) were stage IV. 4. The survival was from 1.5 months to over 130 months(median 16.5 months), and there was no correlation between survival and FIGO stage or pathologic type. The correlation between survival and number of mitotic figure was incalcurable. 5. CA 125 levels were serially measured as a tumor marker in monitoring patients and the positive rate was 40%. Further study was needed to make a conclusion for usefulness of CA 125 as a tumor marker.

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