Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare complication that occurs in less than 1% of ectopic pregnancies, and uterine didelphys is one of the rarest uterine forms. We report a successful laparoscopic excision and repair of CSP in a woman with uterine didelphys and a double vagina. A 34-year-old gravida one, para one woman with a history of low transverse cesarean section presented to our hospital with a suspected CSP. She was confirmed to have uterine didelphys with a double vagina during an infertility examination 7 years earlier. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2.5-cm gestational sac-like cystic lesion in the lower segment of the right uterus at the cesarean scar. We decided to perform a laparoscopic approach after informing the patient of the surgical procedure. The lower segment of the previous cesarean site was excised with monopolar diathermy to minimize bleeding. We identified the gestational sac in the lower segment of the right uterus, which was evacuated using spoon forceps. The myometrium and serosa of the uterus were sutured layer-by-layer using synthetic absorbable sutures. No remnant gestational tissue was visible on follow-up ultrasonography one month after the surgery. This laparoscopic approach to CSP in a woman with uterine didelphys is an effective and safe method of treatment. In women with uterine anomalies, it is important to confirm the exact location of the gestational sac by preoperative imaging for successful surgery.
Accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) is a rare and unique condition seen in young women. We report cases of ACUMs in two patients, a 14-year-old girl and a 25-year-old woman, both with complaints of severe dysmenorrhea that had started at menarche and had progressively worsened since. A large cystic lesion was localized in the anterolateral wall of the myometrium separate from the endometrium, which was difficult to distinguish from congenital uterine anomalies. Laparoscopic excision of the ACUMs was successful and completely resolved the dysmenorrhea. Early investigation of severe dysmenorrhea in young women can provide appropriate management and relieve symptoms.
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Background :Laparoscopic cholecystectomy produces less tissue trauma than conventional open procedure does. But, during this procedure, the deliberate pneumoperioneum with carbon dioxide(CO2) gas insufflation may cause some problems, such as hypercarbia, hypertension, tachycardia, and other changes of cardiovascular function. We analyze the physiologic mechanism of these hemodynamic effects under laparoscopic surgery with CO2 gas insufflation during inhalation general anesthesia.
Materials and Methods:We studied randomly selected 5 healthy patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with CO2 gas insufflation. Each patient inhaled sevoflurane and nitrous oxide gas(50%). The blood pressure, heart rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide level were measured during all the anesthetic procedures. We collected venous blood samples to determine the plasma level of epinephrine, norepinephrine and vasopressin, at 10 minutes after insufflation of CO2 gas into peritoneal cavity, and at 10 minutes after patient arrived in recovery room. We measured the plasma level of epinephrine and norepinephrine using double antibody method, and vasopressin level using radioimmunoassay method.
Results :Mean arterial pressure and heart rate was significantly increased, after intraperitoneal insufflation of CO2 gas(19.3%, 44.7% respectively), and in recovery period(15.8%, 28.6% respectively). The plasma concentration of epinephine was 47.1 ± 30.3 pg/ml(reference intervals, less than 100 pg/ml) at 10 minutes after insufflation of CO2 gas, and 53.1 ± 25.8 pg/ml at 10 minutes in recovery room. The plasma concentration of norepinephine was 125.7 ± 44.8 pg/ml (reference intervals, less than 600 pg/ml) after insufflation, and 179.1 ± 42.1 pg/ml in recovery room. The plasma concentration of vasopressin was 43.3 ± 34.5 pg/ml(reference intervals, less than 6.7 pg/ml) after insufflation, and 25.3 ± 16.7 pg/ml in recovery room.
Conclusion :The laparoscopic cholecystectomy with CO2 gas insufflation in general anesthesia with sevoflurane and in recovery room results in increased mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and decreased plasma concentration of epinephine and norepinephine and increased plasma concentration of vasopressin.
Extrapelvic endometriosis is a rare disease. The majority of extrapelvic endometriosis cases involve scar tissue following obstetric and gynecologic procedures. We have treated two cases of extrapelvic incisional endometriosis. A 39 year old female patient with cyclic vaginal spotting after laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy due to uterine myoma and a 35 year old female patient with a painful palpable abdominal mass after cesarean section. Both underwent complete excision and were proven to have endometriosis by pathology. Here we report on both cases and review the medical literatures.
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A Case of Pleural Endometriosis Presented as Right Sided Hemothorax in a Patient Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation Eun-Hye Shin, Bo-Mi Shin, Yeon-Jung Ha, Il-Young Jang, Ji-Won Jung, Hyung-Jin Cho, Su-Kil Park Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2013; 30(2): 145. CrossRef
A 23 years old single nulligravida woman underwent laparoscopic removal of a huge cystic adnexal mass that occupied her entire abdomen, giving the appearance of a full term pregnancy. After anesthesia, a vertical infra-umbilical incision, 1 cm long, was made and a telescope was introduced through the port to determine the status of the intra-abdomen and the surface contour of the mass. A needle tipped with a laparoscopic suction apparatus was inserted into the cyst through the infra-umbilical port, directly under the mass. Subsequently, 3, 200 ml of cystic fluid was aspirated without spillage. A huge cyst, reaching to the level of the xyphoid process was effectively excised through the operative laparoscopy after prelaparoscopic drainage. Operation time was 140 minutes and hospital stay was 2 days. There were no complications during hospital stay and after discharge. It seems the size of the cyst is not a criteria for the contraindication of laparoscopic surgery.