Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an increase in hepatic triglyceride content and increased inflammatory macrophage infiltration through the C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR) 5 pathway in the liver. DA-6034 (7-carboxymethyloxy-3',4',5-trimethoxy flavone), is a synthetic derivative of eupatilin that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the effect of DA-6034 on the inflammatory response in NAFLD is not well elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of DA-6034 on hepatic steatosis and inflammation.
Methods Forty male C57BL/6J mice were divided into the following four groups: (1) regular diet (RD), (2) RD with DA-6034, (3) high fat diet (HFD), and (4) HFD with DA-6034. All mice were sacrificed 12 weeks after the start of the experiment. The effects of DA-6034 on macrophages were assessed using RAW264.7 cells.
Results DA-6034 not only reduced hepatic triglyceride levels and lipid accumulation but also macrophage infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines in HFD-fed mice. According to fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, DA-6034 reduced the CD8+ T cell fraction in the liver of HFD-fed mice. DA-6034 also reduced CCR5 expression and the migration of liver macrophages in HFD-fed mice and inhibited CCR2 ligand and CCR4 ligand, which stimulated the migration of macrophages.
Conclusion Overall, DA-6034 attenuates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in obesity by regulating CCR5 expression in macrophages.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Methyl Derivatives of Flavone as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Compounds Dagmara Jaworska, Małgorzata Kłósek, Joanna Bronikowska, Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek, Martyna Perz, Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow, Zenon P. Czuba International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(2): 729. CrossRef
The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines CCL-1, 2, 4, and 5 in the Etiopathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Subjects from the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia: Correlation with Different Degrees of Obesity Mohammad Muzaffar Mir, Jaber Alfaifi, Shahzada Khalid Sohail, Syeda Fatima Rizvi, Md Tanwir Akhtar, Mushabab Ayed Abdullah Alghamdi, Rashid Mir, Javed Iqbal Wani, Zia Ul Sabah, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Fahad Alremthi, AbdulElah Al Jarallah AlQahtani, Muffarah Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(7): 743. CrossRef
Case report
Physical therapy, Sports Therapy, and Rehabilitation
We describe the case of a 79-year-old man who presented with progressive aggravation of severe axial neck pain and fever 3 days after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), despite maintaining neutral neck posture during surgery. Laboratory examination revealed markedly elevated C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Computed tomography revealed crown-like calcifications surrounding the odontoid process. We diagnosed crowned dens syndrome (CDS) as the cause of acute-onset neck pain after TURP. The patient was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 5 days, and his symptoms resolved completely. CDS is a rare disease characterized by calcific deposits around the odontoid process with acute onset of severe neck pain and restricted motion. Evidence of inflammation on serological testing and fever are typical of CDS. However, the prevalence and pathophysiology of CDS remain unclear. We hypothesized that systemic inflammation after prostate surgery may have induced a local inflammatory response involving calcification around the odontoid process.
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major complication of liver transplantation, trauma, and shock. This pathological condition can lead to graft dysfunction and rejection in the field of liver transplantation and clinical hepatic dysfunction with increased mortality. Although the pathological mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury are very complex, and several intermediators and cells are involved in this phenomenon, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses are the key processes that aggravate hepatic injury. This review summarizes the current understanding of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and, in that respect, addresses the therapeutic approaches to attenuate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Protective effect of irbesartan against hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats: role of ERK, STAT3, and PPAR-γ inflammatory pathways in rats Salma A. El-Marasy, Rasha E. Mostafa, Hoda B. Mabrok, Marwa S. Khattab, Sally A. El Awdan Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2025; 398(2): 1681. CrossRef
Repurposing the antimalarial chloroquine: a potential therapy for hepatic injury in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion by modulating apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress Miar M. Sherif, Hanan S. El-Abhar, Hala M. Fawzy, Amany M. Gad, Dalaal M. Abdallah Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Thymoquinone-loaded self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system against ischemia/reperfusion injury Badr Bahloul, Roua Chaabani, Yosri Zahra, Nesrine Kalboussi, Jamil Kraiem, Souad Sfar, Nathalie Mignet, Hassen ben Abdennebi Drug Delivery and Translational Research.2024; 14(1): 223. CrossRef
Modafinil lightens apoptosis and inflammatory response in hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury through inactivation of TLR9/Myd88/p38 signaling Tairan Zhang, Xidong Wang Drug Development Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury: The role of oxidative stress and therapeutic approaches Joseph George, Yongke Lu, Mutsumi Tsuchishima, Mikihiro Tsutsumi Redox Biology.2024; 75: 103258. CrossRef
Recent advances in fluorescent probes for ATP imaging Chen Zhang, Guanzhao Wu Talanta.2024; 279: 126622. CrossRef
Reversible Fluorescent Probes for Dynamic Imaging of Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Wen Zhang, Jihong Liu, Ping Li, Xin Wang, Bo Tang Accounts of Chemical Research.2024; 57(17): 2594. CrossRef
Flavonoids as therapeutics for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a comprehensive review on preclinical studies Vipin Kumar Verma, Priya Bhardwaj, Vaishali Prajapati, Avantika Bhatia, Sayani Purkait, Dharamvir Singh Arya Laboratory Animal Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
ZLN005, a PGC-1α Activator, Protects the Liver against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury and the Progression of Hepatic Metastases Celine Tohme, Tony Haykal, Ruiqi Yang, Taylor J. Austin, Patricia Loughran, David A. Geller, Richard L. Simmons, Samer Tohme, Hamza O. Yazdani Cells.2024; 13(17): 1448. CrossRef
Treatment of Acute and Long-COVID, Diabetes, Myocardial Infarction, and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Potential Role of a Novel Nano-Compound—The Transdermal Glutathione–Cyclodextrin Complex Ray Yutani, Vishwanath Venketaraman, Nisar Sheren Antioxidants.2024; 13(9): 1106. CrossRef
Fluorescent probes for sensing peroxynitrite: biological applications Yan Yang, Jinting Shang, Yiyuan Xia, Yuran Gui Redox Report.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An update on the molecular mechanism and pharmacological interventions for Ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in autophagy Bin Tang, Zhijian Luo, Rong Zhang, Dongmei Zhang, Guojun Nie, Mingxing Li, Yan Dai Cellular Signalling.2023; : 110665. CrossRef
Unveiling the Crucial Roles of O2•–and ATP in Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Using Dual-Color/Reversible Fluorescence Imaging Jihong Liu, Wen Zhang, Xin Wang, Qi Ding, Chuanchen Wu, Wei Zhang, Luling Wu, Tony D. James, Ping Li, Bo Tang Journal of the American Chemical Society.2023; 145(36): 19662. CrossRef
New insights into ischemia-reperfusion injury signaling pathways in organ transplantation Kenneth J. Dery, Jerzy W. Kupiec-Weglinski Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation.2022; 27(5): 424. CrossRef
Isolongifolene alleviates liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating AMPK-PGC1α signaling pathway-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress Jinjin Li, Jie Li, Hongbo Fang, Hang Yang, Tianchun Wu, Xiaoyi Shi, Chun Pang International Immunopharmacology.2022; 113: 109185. CrossRef
Molecularly Designed Ion-Imprinted Nanoparticles for Real-Time Sensing of Cu(II) Ions Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance Nihan Aydoğan, Gülgün Aylaz, Monireh Bakhshpour, Tugba Tugsuz, Müge Andaç Biomimetics.2022; 7(4): 191. CrossRef
Physical therapy, Sports Therapy, and Rehabilitation
Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint is a common disease characterized by pain at the insertional area of the deltoid muscle and decreased range of motion. The pathophysiological process involves fibrous inflammation of the capsule and intraarticular adhesion of synovial folds leading to capsular thickening and contracture. Regarding the multidirectional limitation of motion, a limitation in external rotation is especially prominent, which is related to not only global fibrosis but also to a localized tightness of the anterior capsule. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging studies can be applied to rule out other structural lesions in the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. Hydraulic distension of the shoulder joint capsule provides pain relief and an immediate improvement in range of motion by directly expanding the capsule along with the infusion of steroids. However, the optimal technique for hydraulic distension is still a matter of controversy, with regards to the infusion volume and rupture of the capsule. By monitoring the real-time pressure-volume profile during hydraulic distension, the largest possible fluid volume can be infused without rupturing the capsule. The improvement in clinical outcomes is shown to be greater in capsule-preserved hydraulic distension than in capsule-ruptured distension. Moreover, repeated distension is possible, which provides additional clinical improvement. Capsule-preserved hydraulic distension with maximal volume is suggested to be an efficacious treatment option for persistent adhesive capsulitis.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Comparing the Efficacy of Intra-articular Platelet-rich Plasma and Corticosteroid Injections in the Management of Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder Suriya Kulothungan Karikalan, Karthik Murugan, Lionel John J Journal of Orthopedics and Joint Surgery.2025; 7(1): 104. CrossRef
Rotator Interval vs Posterior Approach Ultrasound-guided Corticosteroid Injections in Primary Frozen Shoulder: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Francisco Javier Arrambide-Garza, Juventino Tadeo Guerrero-Zertuche, Neri Alejandro Alvarez-Villalobos, Alejandro Quiroga-Garza, Abraham Espinosa-Uribe, Felix Vilchez-Cavazos, Yolanda Salinas-Alvarez, Juan Antonio Rivera-Perez, Rodrigo Enrique Elizondo-Om Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2024; 105(4): 760. CrossRef
A prospective, randomized, blinded study on the efficacy of using corticosteroids in hydrodilatation as a treatment for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder Joan Tomàs Gebellí-Jové, Antonio Buñuel-Viñau, Marta Canela-Capdevila, Jordi Camps, Fàtima Sabench, Petrea Iftimie-Iftimie Shoulder & Elbow.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Pharmacoacupuncture for the Treatment of Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Ji-Ho Lee, Hyeon-Sun Park, Sang-Hyeon Park, Yun-Kyung Song, Dong-Ho Keum, Seo-Hyun Park Current Pain and Headache Reports.2024; 28(12): 1365. CrossRef
Frozen Shoulder: Diagnosis and Management Sean R. Wise, Paul Seales, Alex P. Houser, Chase B. Weber Current Sports Medicine Reports.2023; 22(9): 307. CrossRef
Ultrasound-guided hydrodilatation of glenohumeral joint combined with acupotomy for treatment of frozen shoulder Huajun Xu, Yingchun Zhang, Caishan Wang Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.2022; 35(5): 1153. CrossRef
Impact of capsular preservation on patient-reported outcomes and complication rates in total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach Vincent A. Stadelmann, Hannes A. Rüdiger, Selina Nauer, Michael Leunig The Bone & Joint Journal.2022; 104-B(7): 826. CrossRef
Management of Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis via Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodilatation without Concomitant Intra-Articular Lidocaine Infusion: A Single-Center Experience Yung-Chieh Chen, Shu-Huei Shen, Hong-Jen Chiou, Yung-Liang Wan Life.2022; 12(9): 1293. CrossRef
Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis: A Prospective Cohort Study Syed Imran Haider, Muhammad Zarak Awais, Muhammad Tahir Iqbal Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Musculoskeletal complications in patients with diabetes mellitus Jong Han Choi, Hae-Rim Kim, Kee-Ho Song The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(6): 1099. CrossRef
Comparison of the spread pattern of medial-to-lateral and lateral-to-medial rotator interval injections: A cadaveric study Benjamin J. Kozlowski, John Tran, Philip W.H. Peng, Anne M.R. Agur, Nimish Mittal Interventional Pain Medicine.2022; 1(4): 100164. CrossRef
Updates on Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis Ju Heon Oh, In Ho Jung, Eun Woo Park, Jang Hyuk Cho Keimyung Medical Journal.2022; 41(2): 51. CrossRef
Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcus, is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is an important infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality, and it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Many genetic factors of the host and various environmental factors surrounding it have been studied as important determinants of the pathophysiology and outcomes of pneumococcal infections. Various cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, are involved in different stages of the progression of pneumococcal infection. TGF-β1 is a cytokine that regulates a wide range of cellular and physiological functions, including immune and inflammatory responses. This cytokine has long been known as an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is critical to preventing the progression of an acute infection to a chronic condition. On the other hand, recent studies have unveiled the diverse roles of TGF-β1 on different stages of pneumococcal infections other than mitigating inflammation. This review summarizes the recent findings of the role of TGF-β1 on the pathophysiology of pneumococcal infections, which is fundamental to developing novel therapeutic strategies for such infections in immune-compromised patients.
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an uncommon benign inflammatory disease characterized by aggregation of lipid-laden foamy macrophages (xanthoma cells) that usually presents with tumor-like appearance. The clinical and radiological findings are suggestive of advanced carcinoma of involved organ. A 66-year-man presented fever, upper abdominal mass during 10 days. By computed tomography, barium enema and PET-CT, his case suspected transverse colon malignancy. A laparotomy was performed. On operation, huge mass originated from mid-transverse was identified and transverse colectomy was performed. The pathologic report demonstrated xanthogranulomatous inflammation in transverse colon.
BACKGROUND Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) are a group of extracellular enzymes that release fatty acids at the sn-2 position of phospholipids. Group IIA sPLA2 (sPLA2-IIA) has been detected in the inflammatory fluids, and its plasma level increases in the inflammatory disease. This study examined the effect of sPLA2-IIA on mouse macropahges in order to investigate the potential mechanism of sPLA2-induced inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wild type PLA2 and mutant H48Q PLA2 were purified from HEK293 cells transfected with the corresponding plasmids, and the PLA2 activities were measured using 1-palmitoyl-2-[1- (14) C]linoleoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine as substrates. The TNF-alpha and IL-6 released in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. In addition, the TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: sPLA2-IIA stimulated the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, the effect of sPLA2-IIA on cytokine production from the macrophage was found to be associated with the accumulation of their specific mRNA. The mRNA levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 peaked at 2 and 6 hours in a time-dependent manner, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the production of proinflammatory cytokine might be mediated by the binding of sPLA2-IIA to the receptors.