- Current diagnosis and treatment of vestibular neuritis: a narrative review
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Chang Hoon Bae, Hyung Gyun Na, Yoon Seok Choi
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J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(2):81-88. Published online August 9, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01228
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- Vertigo is the sensation of self-motion of the head or body when no self-motion is occurring or the sensation of distorted self-motion during an otherwise normal head movement. Representative peripheral vertigo disorders include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière disease, and vestibular neuritis. Vestibular neuritis, also known as vestibular neuronitis, is the third most common peripheral vestibular disorder after benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and Ménière disease. The cause of vestibular neuritis remains unclear. However, a viral infection of the vestibular nerve or ischemia of the anterior vestibular artery is known to cause vestibular neuritis. In addition, recent studies on immune-mediated mechanisms as the cause of vestibular neuritis have been reported. The characteristic clinical features of vestibular neuritis are abrupt true-whirling vertigo lasting for more than 24 hours, and no presence of cochlear symptoms and other neurological symptoms and signs. To accurately diagnose vestibular neuritis, various diagnostic tests such as the head impulse test, bithermal caloric test, and vestibular-evoked myogenic potential test are conducted. Various treatments for vestibular neuritis have been reported, which are largely divided into symptomatic therapy, specific drug therapy, and vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Symptomatic therapies include generalized supportive care and administration of vestibular suppressants and antiemetics. Specific drug therapies include steroid therapy, antiviral therapy, and vasodilator therapy. Vestibular rehabilitation therapies include generalized vestibular and customized vestibular exercises.
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Citations
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Clayton Siminski, John C Benson, Matthew L Carlson, John I Lane The Neuroradiology Journal.2024; 37(3): 332. CrossRef - Vestibular rehabilitation for peripheral vestibular hypofunction: an interdisciplinary consensus
N.L. Kunelskay, G.E. Ivanova, E.V. Baybakova, A.L. Guseva, V.A. Parfenov, M.V. Zamergrad, O.V. Zaitseva, O.A. Melnikov, A.A. Shmonin, M.N. Maltseva Vestnik otorinolaringologii.2024; 89(1): 52. CrossRef - A Review of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Its Implications for Vestibular Disorders
Richard Baron, Kristen K. Steenerson Current Treatment Options in Neurology.2024; 26(6): 203. CrossRef - Evolution of Hyperventilation-Induced Nystagmus in Acute Unilateral Vestibulopathy—Interpretative Model and Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses
Francesco Frati, Alessandra D’Orazio, Valeria Gambacorta, Giacomo Ciacca, Giampietro Ricci, Mario Faralli Audiology Research.2024; 14(3): 442. CrossRef - Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on vertigo and hearing impairment: A post-recovery analysis
Sarah Alshehri, Khalid A. Alahmari Medicine.2024; 103(27): e38819. CrossRef - Does dimenhydrinate delay recovery of vestibular ocular reflex in acute unilateral vestibulopathy? A retrospective comparative study
Minah Shin, Chae-Young Kim, Ji Eun Choi, Jae Yun Jung, Min Young Lee Research in Vestibular Science.2024; 23(3): 89. CrossRef - Vestibular Dysfunction in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Review
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- Clinical significance of saccade test, smooth pursuit test, and optokinetic nystagmus test in nystagmography
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Yoon Seok Choi, Hyung Gyun Na, Si Youn Song, Yong Dae Kim, Chang Hoon Bae
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Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2017;34(1):29-36. Published online June 30, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.29
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- BACKGROUND
Saccade test, smooth pursuit test, and optokinetic nystagmus test are clinically useful tests to accurately diagnose vertigo. However, there have only been a few studies regarding a correlation between the anatomical site of the lesion and the abnormality of eyeball movement in patients with vertigo. METHODS: The medical records of 97 patients with vertigo between January 2006 and June 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. We classified many kinds of abnormalities regarding the saccade test, smooth pursuit test and optokinetic nystagmus test into several categories and analyzed the localizing lesion of vertigo. RESULTS: According to the saccade test, both total saccade abnormality (S-total) and slow velocity of saccade (S-type 3) were shown to be significantly higher in the central lesion of vertigo. According to the smooth pursuit test, symmetrical unidirectional smooth pursuit abnormality (SP-type 2) was observed to be significantly higher in the peripheral lesion over vertigo. Moreover, according to the optokinetic nystagmus test, total optokinetic nystagmus abnormalities (OKN-total) were shown to be significantly useful findings in the diagnosis of the central lesion of vertigo. The coexisting abnormalities of all three tests (S+SP+OKN abnormalities) were shown to be significantly higher in the central lesion of vertigo. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that all these tests, saccade test, smooth pursuit test, and optokinetic nystagmus test, are very useful to distinguish between the central lesion and the peripheral lesion of vertigo. However, these tests are not beneficial in localizing the central lesion of vertigo.
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Citations
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- Current diagnosis and treatment of vestibular neuritis: a narrative review
Chang Hoon Bae, Hyung Gyun Na, Yoon Seok Choi Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2022; 39(2): 81. CrossRef - Dizziness in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Jae Rim Kim, Soo Ryun Park, Hea Ree Park, Eun Yeon Joo Journal of Sleep Medicine.2022; 19(2): 39. CrossRef
- Differential diagnosis of peripheral vertigo.
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Chang Hoon Bae
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Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2014;31(1):1-8. Published online June 30, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2014.31.1.1
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- Dizziness can be classified mainly into 4 types: vertigo, disequilibrium, presyncope, and lightheadedness. Among these types, vertigo is a sensation of movement or motion due to various causes. The main causes of peripheral vertigo are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), acute vestibular neuritis (AVN), and Meniere's disease. BPPV is one of the most common causes of peripheral vertigo. It is characterized by brief episodes of mild to intense vertigo, which are triggered by specific changes in the position of the head. BPPV is diagnosed from the characteristic symptoms and by observing the nystagmus such as in the Dix-Hallpike test. BPPV is treated with several canalith repositioning procedures. AVN is the second most common cause of peripheral vertigo. Its key symptom is the acute onset of sustained rotatory vertigo without hearing loss. It is treated with symptomatic therapy with antihistamines, anticholinergic agents, antidopaminergic agents, and gamma-aminobutyric acid-enhancing agents that are used for symptoms of acute vertigo. Meniere's disease is characterized by episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus. It is traditionally relieved with life-style modification, a low-salt diet, and prescription of diuretics. However, diagnosis and treatment of the peripheral vertigo can be difficult without knowledge of BPPV, AVN, and Meniere's disease. This article provides information on the differential diagnosis of peripheral vertigo in BPPV, AVN, and Meniere's disease.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- The Effect of Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang on Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Systematic Review Using the CNKI Database
Gi-hyeon Gwon, Seo-hye Oh, Eun-soo Park, Mi-hyeon Kim, Seung-hyo Hong, Geum-ju Song, Eun-young Park The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2021; 42(4): 572. CrossRef - Korean Medicine Interventions for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies Published in Korea
Jun-su Jung, Sung-heon Jung, Min-joo Kim, Jang-kyung Park, Kwang-ho Bae, Kyung-hwan Kong, Ho-yeon Ko The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2017; 38(4): 479. CrossRef - Clinical significance of saccade test, smooth pursuit test, and optokinetic nystagmus test in nystagmography
Yoon Seok Choi, Hyung Gyun Na, Si Youn Song, Yong Dae Kim, Chang Hoon Bae Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2017; 34(1): 29. CrossRef
- Mastoid Osteoma with Mastoiditis.
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Yong Dae Kim, Si Youn Song, Chang Hoon Bae
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Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2008;25(2):145-149. Published online December 31, 2008
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2008.25.2.145
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- Osteomas are benign osteoblastic tumors that occur mainly in the fronto-ethmoid areas ofthe head and neck region. When they occasionally occur in the temporal bone, the external auditory canal is the most common site of origin; they rarely occur in the mastoid region. Moreover, mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis is an extremely rare entity in the temporal bone. Recently, the authors experienced a case of mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis in the left temporal bone. The mastoid osteoma was completely resected itself without a mastoidectomy, only for correction of the cosmetic deformity; the mastoiditis was not treated. Hence, the authors report the first case of a mastoid osteoma with mastoiditis in Korea, along with a review of the related literature.
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