1Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
Copyright © 2022 Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Institute of Medical Science
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Conflicts of interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Author contributions
Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Visualization, Resources, Supervision: SWB; Data curation, Validation: SWB, JHL; Writing-original draft: SWB; Writing-review & editing: SWB, JHL.
Study | Age (yr)/sex | Country/year | Immunologic status and history | Radiological finding | CSF/Whole blood culture result | Treatment and duration | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hajiroussou et al. [9] | 39/M | United Kingdom/1979 | Immunocompetent | Not mentioned in the report | Sphingomonas paucimobilis/S. paucimobilis | Streptomycin, rifampicin, isoniazid for 4 days | Recovery to baseline |
Tai and Velayuthan [10] | 31/M | Malaysia/2014 | Immunocompetent, open wound in the leg | In CT, meningeal enhancement, and cerebral edema | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Ceftriaxone, acyclovir, anti-TB medication for 3 days | Death |
Bolen et al. [11] | 39/F | United States/2015 | Immunocompromised | In MRI, diffuse periventricular T2 hyperintensities along the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle consistent with ventriculitis | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Vancomycin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin for 21 days | Recovery to baseline |
Deveci et al. [12] | 14.5/M | Turkey/2017 | Immunocompetent | In MRI, meningeal contrasting of the frontal region, T2 signal increase, findings of mucosal thickening, and leveling in paranasal sinuses | S. paucimobilis/negative result | Vancomycin, ceftriaxone for 14 days | Recovery to baseline |
Göker et al. [4] | 48/F | Turkey/2017 | Immunocompetent | Basal ganglia and intra-ventricular hemorrhage. No evidence of infection | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Meropenem for 46 days | Death |
Mehmood et al. [13] | 50/F | United States/2018 | Immunocompetent | Unremarkable neck CT and brain MRI | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Meropenem for 21 days | Recovery to baseline |
Ciftci et al. [14] | 13/F | Turkey/2018 | Immunocompetent, with VP shunt placed ten years ago | Not mentioned in the report | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Vancomycin, meropenem, VP shunt removal, levofloxacin for 35 days | Recovery to baseline |
Orozco-Hernández et al. [15] | 3/M | Colombia/2019 | Immunocompetent, exposure to contaminated water | Unremarkable brain CT | S. paucimobilis/negative result | Ceftriaxone for 14 days | Recovery to baseline |
Current case | 66/F | South Korea/2021 | Immunocompetent, final chemotherapy 1-year ago due to breast cancer | Unremarkable initial brain MRI, brain CT on HD 3 showed signs of hydrocephalus | S. paucimobilis/Listeria monocytogenes | Ceftriaxone and vancomycin switched to ampicillin/sulbactam and ceftriaxone on HD 6 for 21 days | Bed-ridden with VP shunt, recovering without permanent neurological deficit |
Study | Age (yr)/sex | Country/year | Immunologic status and history | Radiological finding | CSF/Whole blood culture result | Treatment and duration | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hajiroussou et al. [9] | 39/M | United Kingdom/1979 | Immunocompetent | Not mentioned in the report | Sphingomonas paucimobilis/S. paucimobilis | Streptomycin, rifampicin, isoniazid for 4 days | Recovery to baseline |
Tai and Velayuthan [10] | 31/M | Malaysia/2014 | Immunocompetent, open wound in the leg | In CT, meningeal enhancement, and cerebral edema | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Ceftriaxone, acyclovir, anti-TB medication for 3 days | Death |
Bolen et al. [11] | 39/F | United States/2015 | Immunocompromised | In MRI, diffuse periventricular T2 hyperintensities along the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle consistent with ventriculitis | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Vancomycin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin for 21 days | Recovery to baseline |
Deveci et al. [12] | 14.5/M | Turkey/2017 | Immunocompetent | In MRI, meningeal contrasting of the frontal region, T2 signal increase, findings of mucosal thickening, and leveling in paranasal sinuses | S. paucimobilis/negative result | Vancomycin, ceftriaxone for 14 days | Recovery to baseline |
Göker et al. [4] | 48/F | Turkey/2017 | Immunocompetent | Basal ganglia and intra-ventricular hemorrhage. No evidence of infection | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Meropenem for 46 days | Death |
Mehmood et al. [13] | 50/F | United States/2018 | Immunocompetent | Unremarkable neck CT and brain MRI | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Meropenem for 21 days | Recovery to baseline |
Ciftci et al. [14] | 13/F | Turkey/2018 | Immunocompetent, with VP shunt placed ten years ago | Not mentioned in the report | S. paucimobilis/not commented in the report | Vancomycin, meropenem, VP shunt removal, levofloxacin for 35 days | Recovery to baseline |
Orozco-Hernández et al. [15] | 3/M | Colombia/2019 | Immunocompetent, exposure to contaminated water | Unremarkable brain CT | S. paucimobilis/negative result | Ceftriaxone for 14 days | Recovery to baseline |
Current case | 66/F | South Korea/2021 | Immunocompetent, final chemotherapy 1-year ago due to breast cancer | Unremarkable initial brain MRI, brain CT on HD 3 showed signs of hydrocephalus | S. paucimobilis/Listeria monocytogenes | Ceftriaxone and vancomycin switched to ampicillin/sulbactam and ceftriaxone on HD 6 for 21 days | Bed-ridden with VP shunt, recovering without permanent neurological deficit |
CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; M, male; F, female; CT, computed tomography; TB, tuberculosis; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; VP, ventriculoperitoneal; HD, hospitalization day.