Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original articles

Emergency and Critical Care Medicine
Factors affecting in-hospital mortality in hypotensive blunt trauma: a retrospective observational study: Jong Min Woo, Sang Won Kim, Su Jeong Shin; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2026;43:18. Published online February 10, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2026.43.18

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Abstract PDF: Background
Blunt trauma is a major cause of mortality in the working-age population. Patients who develop hypotension shortly after an injury are at a particularly high risk of death. This nationwide study aimed to identify the factors associated with mortality in patients with hypotension after blunt trauma.
Methods
We analyzed nationwide data from the National Emergency Department Information System for patients aged 15 to 69 years who presented to regional or higher-level emergency medical centers between 2019 and 2023 after blunt trauma. Patients with an initial systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg and classified as high acuity (Korean Triage and Acuity Scale ≤3) were included.
Results
Among the 2,713,014 trauma cases, 25,107 met the inclusion criteria, and 16,823 (67.0%) were male. Traffic accidents were the most common reason for injury (38.8%). Mortality was significantly associated with brain injury (hazard ratio, 1.906; 95% confidence interval, 1.661–2.186). The median time from emergency department visit to death was 45.0 hours (interquartile range [IQR], 9.0–188.0 hours), and non-survivors had a median hospital stay of 2.0 days (IQR, 0.0–8.0 days).
Conclusion
Most deaths following blunt trauma occurred within 48 hours of injury, with brain injury being strongly associated with mortality. However, the contribution of other injured body regions may not have been fully captured. These findings underscore the importance of early recognition and comprehensive management of patients with hypotensive blunt trauma.

Neurology
Magnesium as an adjunct to nimodipine in subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis: Riva Satya Radiansyah, Yuri Pamungkas, Ilham Ikhtiar; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2025;42:26. Published online February 2, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2025.42.26

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Background
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating neurological condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although nimodipine is widely used in the management of SAH, the potential benefits of magnesium as adjunct therapy remain unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining magnesium with nimodipine for the management of SAH.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies comparing magnesium plus nimodipine versus nimodipine alone in patients with SAH were included. Key outcomes included cerebral vasospasm (CV), delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), functional outcomes, mortality, and adverse events.
Results
Twelve studies involving 2,338 patients were included. The combination of magnesium and nimodipine significantly reduced the incidence of CV (odds ratio [OR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.95; p=0.03) and DCI (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.31–0.87; p=0.01) compared to nimodipine alone. However, no significant differences were found in functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale: OR, 0.97; p=0.75; Glasgow Outcome Scale: OR, 0.81; p=0.24), mortality (OR, 0.97; p=0.83), or secondary cerebral infarction (OR, 0.38; p=0.12). The incidence of adverse events was higher in the combination group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (OR, 3.14; p=0.33).
Conclusion
Adding magnesium to nimodipine therapy in patients with SAH may help reduce CV and DCI incidence but does not significantly improve functional outcomes or mortality. Further large-scale studies are needed to optimize the dosing regimens and confirm these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Magnesium sulfate in combination with nimodipine in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis of short- and long-term mortality
Hui Shen, Yibo Yang, Qing Mei, Zhenkun Xiao, Bing Wang, Aihua Liu
Neurosurgical Review.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Nephrology
The impact of quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF on mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a single center retrospective cross-sectional study: Seong Gyu Kim, In Hee Lee; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(1):49-57. Published online April 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00080

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Abstract PDF

Background
Several previous studies have reported that quality of life (QoL) in hemodialysis patients affects mortality. However, the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, which has been used mainly in previous studies, is complicated in terms of questionnaire composition and interpretation. This study aimed to identify the impact of QoL on mortality in hemodialysis patients using an easier and simpler diagnostic tool.
Methods
This retrospective study included 160 hemodialysis patients. QoL was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Psychosocial factors were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We also evaluated medical factors, such as dialysis adequacy and laboratory results.
Results
The mean hemodialysis vintage was 70.7±38.0 months. The proportion of patients who were elderly was higher in the mortality group than in the surviving group, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index score was also higher in the former group. Of the four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF, the physical health and psychological scores of the mortality group were significantly lower than those of the survival group. When the score in the physical health domain or psychological domain was ≤10, the 10-year mortality rate after hemodialysis initiation increased by approximately 2.3- and 2-fold, respectively.
Conclusion
QoL may have a significant effect on mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The WHOQOL-BREF is an instrument that can measure QoL relatively easily and can be used to improve the long-term prognosis of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dual trajectories of capacity management behavior and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: a longitudinal study
Mengyuan Zhang, Yingying Cai, Yue Hou, Bin Ma, Ou Chen
Quality of Life Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Health-Related Social Needs Are Associated with Lower Self-Reported Quality of Life in Patients on Hemodialysis
Hailey Yetman, Huei Hsun Wen, Lin-Chun Wang, Zijun Dong, Lela Tisdale, Yvette Foby, Carol R. Horowitz, Len Usvyat, Jennifer Scherer, Stephan Thijssen, Peter Kotanko, Steven Coca, Girish Nadkarni, Lili Chan
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.2026; 21(4): 593. CrossRef
Influence of Social Support and Quality of Life on Mortality Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Lu ZHANG, Yongai ZHANG, Sumei ZHANG, Xuanbing TANG, Shengyan SHI, Haiying QUAN, Xiu YANG
Journal of Nursing Research.2026; 34(2): e443. CrossRef
Application of standardized management and effect evaluation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using the big data center of the Internet of Things
Xiaoping Chen, Fei He, Yan Jiang, Xuezhen Chen, Yubing Yan
DIGITAL HEALTH.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Urban Forest Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Quality in People Experiencing Cancer
Youngsin Jeon, Ye-Seul Kim, Ga Yeon Kim, Poung-Sik Yeon
Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2024; 27(4): 303. CrossRef

Emergency and Critical Care Medicine
Impact of an emergency department resident strike during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Daegu, South Korea: a retrospective cross-sectional study: Yo Han Cho, Jae Wan Cho, Hyun Wook Ryoo, Sungbae Moon, Jung Ho Kim, Sang-Hun Lee, Tae Chang Jang, Dong Eun Lee; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(1):31-38. Published online August 10, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01130

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Abstract PDF

Background
To prepare for future work stoppages in the medical industry, this study aimed to identify the effects of healthcare worker strikes on the mortality rate of patients visiting the emergency department (ED) at six training hospitals in Daegu, Korea.
Methods
We used a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter design to analyze the medical records of patients who visited six training hospitals in Daegu (August 21–September 8, 2020). For comparison, control period 1 was set as the same period in the previous year (August 21–September 8, 2019) and control period 2 was set as July 1–19, 2020. Patient characteristics including age, sex, and time of ED visit were investigated along with mode of arrival, length of ED stay, and in-hospital mortality. The experimental and control groups were compared using t-tests, and Mann-Whitney U-test, chi-square test, and Fisher exact tests, as appropriate. Univariate logistic regression was performed to identify significant factors, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results
During the study period, 31,357 patients visited the ED, of which 7,749 belonged to the experimental group. Control periods 1 and 2 included 13,100 and 10,243 patients, respectively. No significant in-hospital mortality differences were found between study periods; however, the results showed statistically significant differences in the length of ED stay.
Conclusion
The ED resident strike did not influence the mortality rate of patients who visited the EDs of six training hospitals in Daegu. Furthermore, the number of patients admitted and the length of ED stay decreased during the strike period.

Citations

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Impact of the 2024 Korean medical workforce crisis on transfers in a pediatric emergency center: including comparative analyses with adults
Sung-Ha Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jae-Hyun Kwon, Soo Hyun Park, Min-Jung Kim, Young-Hoon Byun, Ho-Young Song, So-Hyun Paek, Inge Roggen
PLOS One.2026; 21(5): e0348189. CrossRef
Impact of the South Korean government’s medical school expansion announcement on pediatric emergency department visits
Arum Choi, Beom Joon Kim, Jooyoung Lee, Sukil Kim, Woori Bae
BMC Emergency Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Medical Residency Programs on Emergency Department Efficiency
Myeong Namgung, Sung Jin Bae, Ho Sub Chung, Kwang Yul Jung, Yun Hyung Choi, Chan Woong Kim, Ye Lim Gong, Ji Yun Lee, Dong-Hoon Lee
Medicina.2025; 61(6): 999. CrossRef
A deliberative framework to assess the justifiability of strike action in healthcare
Ryan Essex
Nursing Ethics.2024; 31(2-3): 148. CrossRef
Impact of junior doctor strikes on patient flow in the emergency department: a cross-sectional analysis
Svenja Ravioli, Raeesa Jina, Omar Risk, Fleur Cantle
European Journal of Emergency Medicine.2024; 31(1): 53. CrossRef
What Do Trainees Want? The Rise of House Staff Unions
Debra Malina, Lisa Rosenbaum
New England Journal of Medicine.2024; 390(3): 279. CrossRef
Medical students’ professionalism attributes, knowledge, practices, and attitudes toward COVID-19 and attitudes toward care provision during pandemic amidst the COVID-19 outbreak according to their demographics and mental health
Eun Kyung Choi, Sanghee Yeo
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2024; 36(2): 157. CrossRef
Impacts of industrial actions, protests, strikes and lockouts by health and care workers during COVID-19 and other pandemic contexts: a systematic review
Isabel Craveiro, Pradeep Kumar Choudhury, Ana Paula Cavalcante de OLiveira, Alessandra Pereira, Inês Fronteira, Raphael Chança, Giorgio Cometto, Mario Roberto Dal Poz, Paulo Ferrinho
Human Resources for Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Why Did All the Residents Resign? Key Takeaways From the Junior Physicians’ Mass Walkout in South Korea
Jinwook Park, Chang Ho Shin, Joo-Young Lee
Journal of Graduate Medical Education.2024; 16(4): 402. CrossRef
Comparison of the postoperative complications for gastric cancer surgery before and during the medical crisis in South Korea: a retrospective observational study
Kyoungdong Lee, Ba Ool Seong, Moon-Won Yoo
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2024; 107(6): 354. CrossRef
Experience of operating a medical humanities course at one medical school during the COVID-19: a retrospective study
Yu Ra Kim, Hye-won Shin, Young Hwan Lee, Seong-Yong Kim
Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2023; 40(2): 179. CrossRef
Study on the Learning Environment of Medical Students in the COVID-19
Yu Ra Kim, Hye Jin Park, Saeyoon Kim
Keimyung Medical Journal.2023; 42(2): 80. CrossRef

Review Article

Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Perioperative Management of Lung Resection Patients.: Jang Hoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2012;29(1):9-13. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2012.29.1.9

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Abstract PDF

Lung resection has various and commonly occurring postoperative complications. Pulmonary complication is well known as one of the most important among them, exerting a negative influence on the postoperative course and resulting in mortality. Thus, the prevention of pulmonary complication after lung resection is very important. To prevent postoperative pulmonary complication, the perioperative management must be optimal. Perioperative management begins long before the surgery and does not end until the patient leaves the hospital. The goal of perioperative management is to identify the high-risk patients, to provide appropriate intervention, to prevent postoperative complications, and to obtain the best outcomes.

Citations

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Effectiveness of a swallowing rehabilitation program for elderly lung cancer patients after lobectomy: A quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design
Hui-Yun Yu, Kyoungrim Kang, Kyo-Yeon Park
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2026; 28(2): 183. CrossRef
Case Report of a Soeumin Patient with Yang Collapse Syndrome Mistreated with Soeumin Gwakhyangjunggi-san
Ji-eun Lee, Min-woo Kim, Se-eun Chun, Yong-jeen Shin, Sun-ho Shin
The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2021; 42(2): 95. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Complications after Therapeutic Lung Resection in Lung Cancer Patients
Soojin Son, Jihyun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2020; 27(2): 106. CrossRef

Original Article

Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Etiology of Treatment Related Mortality after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Yong Jik Lee, Jeong Ok Hah; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S569-579. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S569

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Abstract PDF: Bactground：The etiologies of treatment related mortality (TRM) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been variable according to the disease status or the centers. We evlauated the etiologies of TRM for the pediatric patients at Yeungnam University Hospital (YNUH). Materials and Methods：The records of 66 patients, 19 years of age or younger, who had HSCT at YNUH from September 1995 to August 2007 were reviewed.
Results
：Among 66 patients, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (Allo-BMT) was done in 21 (19 related, 2 unrelated), allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (Allo- PBSCT) in 1, cord blood transplantation (CBT) in 12 (1 related, 11 unrelated), autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (Auto-PBSCT) in 32 patients. The TRM rates of Allo-BMT, CBT, and Auto-PBSCT were 19%, 33.3%, and 12.5%, respectively. Among four patients who had TRM after Allo-BMT, two were related transplantation and the others were unrelated. All four patients developed severe acute GVHD of at least grade Ⅲ. Sepsis developed in three patients, acute renal failure (ARF) in two, veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in one patient each. All four patients who had TRM after CBT had two mismatches in HLA-A, B, DR, and engraftment syndrome developed in three. Sepsis developed in all four patients, VOD in two, encephalopathy in two, TMA and ARF in one patient each. All four patients who had TRM after Auto-PBSCT developed sepsis and ARF in two, VOD and TMA in one patient each.
Conclusion
：Although the number of cases were not large enough for firm conclusion, sepsis was the most common TRM after HSCT. Therefore, prevention and control of sepsis are very important in reducing TRM after HSCT. Outcomes of severe acute GVHD after Allo-BMT and engraftment syndrome after CBT are very poor and contribute for TRM. Continuous effort to reduce the incidence of GVHD and engraftment syndrome are needed.

Review Article

Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine
Management of Preterm Labor.: Woon Ki Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):141-154. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.141

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Abstract PDF: Premature birth is the single largest cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity in nonanomalous infants in developing countries. Advances in neonatal care have lead to increased survival and reduced short and long term morbidity for preterm infants. but the rate of preterm birth has actually increased. This review provides recent multifactorial approaches to treatment and prevention of preterm birth.

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