Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original article

Social and Family Medicine
Effects of psychological conditions and changes on smoking cessation success after a residential smoking cessation therapy program: a retrospective observational study: Gyu Lee Kim, Yu Hyeon Yi, Jeong Gyu Lee, Young Jin Tak, Seung Hun Lee, Young Jin Ra, Sang Yeoup Lee, Young Hye Cho, Eun Ju Park, Youngin Lee, Jung In Choi; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2025;42:20. Published online January 2, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2025.42.20

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Background
Residential smoking cessation therapy programs offer intensive treatment for heavy smokers who struggle to quit independently, particularly those with high nicotine dependence and health conditions that necessitate urgent cessation. While previous studies have established the effectiveness of such programs and identified various factors influencing smoking cessation success, it remains unclear how changes in smokers’ thoughts and attitudes following residential therapy correlate with their ability to quit smoking. We investigated the relationship between smoking cessation-related characteristics, smoking-related psychological status, and participants’ smoking cessation success after a residential smoking cessation therapy program.
Methods
From January 2017 to December 2018, 291 participants completed the program. All participants completed questionnaires on smoking cessation-related characteristics and smoking-related psychological status before the program and on the 5th day. Six months later, smoking cessation success was assessed using a urine cotinine test.
Results
After 6 months, 222 participants successfully quit smoking, while 69 failed. The success and failure groups exhibited statistically significant differences in age, marital status, total smoking duration, stress, and emotion regulation strategies. Participants who used ineffective emotion regulation strategies more frequently had a lower rate of smoking cessation success (odds ratio [OR], 0.969; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.948–0.991). Moreover, an increase in the perception of the negative effects of smoking cessation (OR, 0.982; 95% CI, 0.967–0.997) and smoking temptation (OR, 0.960; 95% CI, 0.929–0.993) was associated with higher cessation success.
Conclusion
Emotion regulation strategies, perceptions of the effects of smoking cessation, and smoking temptation were associated with successful smoking cessation.

Citations

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Psychological mechanisms of behavioral change: Trajectories of self-efficacy and motivation among Tunisian health science students using a mobile application to quit smoking - A prospective observational study
Selma Gallas, Houyem Said Latiri, Revathy Sudhakar
PLOS Global Public Health.2026; 6(3): e0006081. CrossRef

Focused Review article

Psychiatry and Mental Health
An update on the cause and treatment of sleep disturbance in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Wan Seok Seo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(4):275-281. Published online September 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01410

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Abstract PDF

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by abnormalities in social communication/interaction and restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior. ASD is a relatively common psychiatric disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 1.7% in children. Although many children and adolescents with ASD visit the hospital for medical help for emotional and behavioral problems such as mood instability and self-harming behavior, there are also many visits for sleep disturbances such as insomnia and sleep resistance. Sleep disturbances are likely to increase fatigue and daytime sleepiness, impaired concentration, negatively impact on daytime functioning, and pose challenges in controlling anger and aggressive behavior. Sleep disturbance in children and adolescents with ASD negatively affects the quality of life, nothing to say the quality of life of their families and school members. In this review, sleep disturbances that are common in children and adolescents with ASD and adolescents are presented. The developmental and behavioral impacts of sleep disturbances in ASD were also considered. Finally, non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with ASD and adolescents are reviewed.

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Bhagawaty Kalikotay, D. Rajeswari, Helen Shaji J C
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European Journal of Therapeutics.2024; 30(2): 227. CrossRef
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Muhammed Emin Boylu, İlker Taşdemir, Mehmet Doğan, Tuba Özcanlı
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Muaath Ahmed Mohammed, Elham Mohammed Abdalkhalig, Ibrahim Abdelrhim Ali, Salma Shakir Hassan, Hayat Osman
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Katelyn Bricker, Bradley V. Vaughn
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Original Articles

Social and Family Medicine
Associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students: Hye In Kim, Seong Hi Cheon, Hwa Jeong Kang, Keunmi Lee, Seung Pil Jung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2017;34(1):55-61. Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.55

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Smartphone addiction, academic stress and anxiety of university students are increasing gradually; however, few studies have investigated these factors in medical school students. Therefore, this study investigated associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students. METHODS: A total of 231 Yeungnam University College of Medicine students were enrolled in this study in March 2017. Gender, school grade, type of residence, and smartphone usage patterns of the students were surveyed. The Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale and each Korean version scale were used to assess sociopsychological aspects such as loneliness, stress and anxiety. RESULTS: There was a direct statistical correlation between loneliness, stress of negative perception, anxiety and smartphone addiction scales. There was also a negative statistical correlation between stress of positive perception and smartphone addiction scales. There was a higher level of anxiety among female students than male students. Additionally, there was a higher level of stress associated with negative perception and anxiety among medical students in the first grade than other students. Moreover there was a higher level of loneliness, stress of negative perception and anxiety among students who live with friends than students who live with their own family. CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects significantly correlated. Moreover, the results suggest that female medical students in the first grade who have been separated from their family need more attention and management of loneliness, stress and anxiety to avoid smartphone addiction.

Citations

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The Effect of Smartphone Addiction on Food Addiction among University Students: The Mediating Role of Shopping Addiction
Sin Yeong Kim, Cheong Hoon Kim, Na Mi Kim
Korean Journal of Human Ecology.2026; 35(3): 429. CrossRef
Effect of smartphone addiction on mental health and sleep quality among undergraduate pharmacy students in a Nigerian public university
Chibueze Anosike, Mario-Ephraim Afam Ogbu, Ezinwanne Jane Ugochukwu, Rita Chinenye Osefo, Jonathan Chimaobi Nwaji
The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice.2024; 19(4): 201. CrossRef
Exploring the role of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance in predicting smartphone use among medical university students
Jimin Lee, Seunghee Won, Sung Man Chang, Byung-Soo Kim, Seung Jae Lee
Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science.2023; 28: 18. CrossRef
Prevalence of Addictive Behaviors in Medical Students and Their Association With Stress
Jimin Lee, Seunghee Won, Sung Man Chang, Byung-Soo Kim, Seung Jae Lee
Psychiatry Investigation.2022; 19(1): 44. CrossRef
How addicted are newly admitted undergraduate medical students to smartphones?: a cross-sectional study from Chitwan medical college, Nepal
Sirisa Karki, Jaya Prasad Singh, Gita Paudel, Sushma Khatiwada, Sameer Timilsina
BMC Psychiatry.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

Public Health, Environmental, and Occupational Health
Health Behaviors of Nurses at a University Hospital according to Type of Work.: Mi Kyung Kwon, Pock soo Kang, Tae Yoon Hwang, Kyeong Soo Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(1):55-66. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.1.55

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The goal of this study was to examine the health behaviors of nurses and provide basic information on health promotion for nurses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey was completed by 340 nurses working at a university hospital in Daegu, Korea from March 6 to March 30, 2006. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, working environment, health behaviors, self-assessed health status, and the practice of health promotion activities according to the work group(shift group vs. non-shift group). RESULTS: There were significant differences in 'regular diet', 'drinking', 'ordinary health management', 'regular exercise', 'leisure activities', 'rest', and 'feeling of fatigue' between the two groups. The score for the practice of health promotion activities of the non-shift group was 121.9, which was higher than the 115.4 for the shift group. By field of practice of health promotion activities, there were significant differences in 'self-realization' and 'nutrition' between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The shift group did not appear to have enough time to take care of their health. It is therefore important to provide a working environment in which nurses are encouraged to increase their interest and efforts to maintain healthy behaviors. In addition, programs for education and training should be developed to help nurses adopt healthy life styles and enhance their self-esteem.

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Associations of mindful eating with dietary intake pattern, occupational stress, and mental well‐being among clinical nurses
Seung‐Hye Choi, Haeyoung Lee
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care.2020; 56(2): 355. CrossRef
A Survey on the Health Behavior and General and Ocular Health Care Status of Optometrists
Jihye Ahn, Eunji Oh, Moonsung Choi
Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society.2020; 25(3): 195. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Happiness Index of Hospital Nurses
Moon Hee Nam, Young Chae Kwon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2013; 19(3): 329. CrossRef

Psychiatry and Mental Health
An Investingation of Psychological Factors in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia.: Jin Sung Kim, Dai Seog Bai, Kwang Heun Lee, Jeong Ill Suh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):244-254. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.244

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This subjects investigated the psychological characteristics of patients with functional dyspepsia. METHODS: The subjects included ninety patients with functional dyspepsia and sixty four psychiatric out-patients. We administered Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Illness Behavior Questionnaire(IBQ). RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the patients with functional dyspepsia and the psychiatric out-patients by MMPI. Two groups both showed a higher distribution in hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria subscales than in any other subscales. The patients with functional dyspepsia showed lower scores in disease conviction and affective disturbance subscales in IBQ subscales were similar between the patients with functional dyspepsia and the psychiatric out-patients. The patients with functional dyspepsia were divided into three groups for the Multivariate cluster analysis: normal(group 1), similar to psychiatric out-patient(group 2), and severe neurotic(group 3). The severe neurotic group showed higher scores in hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychathenia, and schizophrenia subscales in MMPI and showed significant different scores in affective disturbance, disease conviction, psychological and somatic concerns, affective disturbance, denial, and irritability subscales in IBQ. CONCLUSION: If patients with functional dyspepsia show severe neurotic behavior, such as those in(group 3), they would need appropriate psychiatric intervention.

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The Relationship Between Children's Temperament and Character to Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Eun Ju Lee, Hyung Joong Kim, Sun Haeng Lee, Gyu Tae Chang
The Journal of Korean Oriental Pediatrics.2015; 29(1): 60. CrossRef

Public Health, Environmental, and Occupational Health
Neurobehavioral Performance Test of Workers Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents.: Chang Yoon Kim, Joon Sakong, Jong Hak Chung, Ree Joo, Man Joong Jeon, Nag Jung Sung, Sang Kyu Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1997;14(2):314-328. Published online December 31, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1997.14.2.314

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Abstract PDF

A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to low-dose solvent on neurobehavioral performance of 48 male workers exposed to organic solvents. A control group of 50 workers was selected from same factories. Each worker completed a medical and occupational questionnaire and four tests of Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery. These included Benton visual retention test, digit symbol, digit span, and pursuit aiming. Comparison of mean performance showed a significantly poorer performance on digit symbol, digit span, and pursuit aiming. In univariate analysis, age contributed to poor performance on Benton visual retention test and educational level was found to reduce the performance on symbol digit in both groups. Amount of alcohol intake was found to reduce the performance on digit symbol and smoking appeared to slow pursuit aiming in the exposure group. In multiple regression analysis, controlling for age, educational level, alcohol, and smoking, solvent exposure was found to be associated with performance of digit span, and number of correct dot of pursuit aiming. Age on Benton visual retention, educational level on digit symbol, and smoking on pursuit aiming were found to be a significant factors on each test items. This study suggest that short-term memory, and perception can be affected easily by chronic exposure of organic solvents which air concentration level were under the Threshold Limit Value.

Citations

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An aggravated return-to-work case of organic solvent induced chronic toxic encephalopathy
Sangyun Seo, Jungwon Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Occupational Psychiatric Disorders in Korea
Kyeong-Sook Choi, Seong-Kyu Kang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S87. CrossRef

Psychiatry and Mental Health
Effects of Ethanol on Neurobehavioral Performance.: Man Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong, Pock Soo Kang, Moon Chan Kim, Hak Soo Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1997;14(1):183-196. Published online June 30, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1997.14.1.183

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Abstract PDF

An experimental study was performed to investigate. The subjects drank 0.5g/kg ethanol and performed 7 items of SPES(simple reaction time, color word stress, digit classification, finger tapping speed, numerical ability, symbol digit coding, memory digit span). 20 students of medical college participated in the study during August, 1996. After ethanol intake, performance of 4 items(simple reaction time, digit classification, finger tapping speed, symbol digit coding) significantly showed to be decreased. The function of perception - response speed and steady movement were found to be more sensitive to ethanol than that of short - term memory, numerical ability and specification of color. No significant association were found between smoking, alcohol drinking, BMI(body mass index) and the effects of ethanol on neurobehavioral performance.

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Assessment of Availability of Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral Test in Patients with Brain Injury
Tae-Hoon Kim, Man-Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(6): 339. CrossRef

Public Health, Environmental, and Occupational Health
The effect of formaldehyde on neurobehavioral performance of student during cadaver dissection.: Yong Sakong, Hee Yoon Jo, In Gook Lee, Kyeong Soo Lee, Man Joong Jun; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2016;33(2):85-89.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2016.33.2.85

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Formaldehyde is used to preserve cadaver in medical schools, and students are exposed to formaldehyde during cadaver dissection classes. When humans are exposed to formaldehyde, it induces mucosal inflammation, skin inflammation, and declining of neurobehavioral function including attention and memory executive functions. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of formaldehyde exposure on student's neurobehavioral performance during cadaver dissection classes. METHODS: The level of formaldehyde was measured in a cadaver dissection class. A total of 16 students were randomly divided into two groups. One group wore respiratory protection masks, while the other group did not. Among many subtests in Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral test, backward digit span was tested on all subjects before and after the class. RESULTS: The length of memorized digit span between the two groups was not significant; however there was a greater decrease in neurobehavioral function after formaldehyde exposure in the non-mask group than the mask group. CONCLUSION: Formaldehyde exposure during cadaver dissection may likely decrease neurobehavioral performance of students. Therefore, proper ventilation system and respiratory protective equipment are necessary to protect medical school students from adverse effects of formaldehyde exposure.

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Safety and Management Status of Anatomical Labs in Medical Schools
Jae-Hee Park, Kwang-Rak Park, An-Na Bae, Han-Gyu Jeong, Jae-Ho Lee
Keimyung Medical Journal.2022; 41(2): 76. CrossRef
Associations between smartphone addiction scale and sociopsychological aspects in medical school students
Hye In Kim, Seong Hi Cheon, Hwa Jeong Kang, Keunmi Lee, Seung Pil Jung
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2017; 34(1): 55. CrossRef

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