Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original articles

Dentistry
Galectin-3 as a possible link between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study: Sri Vidhya Marimuthu, Devi Arul, Muthukumar Santhanakrishnan, Ramprasad Elumalai, Sandhya Suresh, Sathya Selvarajan, Ravindranath Dhulipalla, Ramanarayana Boyapati; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2025;42:22. Published online January 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2025.42.22

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Abstract PDF: Background
Chronic periodontitis is associated with various systemic inflammatory diseases; however, research on its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is relatively limited. Because both conditions share common risk factors, systemic inflammation plays a key role in the progression of these diseases. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in chronic inflammatory diseases and is a potential biomarker. This study aimed to measure salivary Gal-3 levels in patients with periodontitis and CKD to better understand their association and evaluate Gal-3 as a diagnostic biomarker for these conditions.
Methods
Seventy-five patients were categorized into three groups: Group I, patients with CKD and periodontitis (n=25); Group II, patients with chronic periodontitis who were systemically healthy (n=25); and Group III, patients with CKD without chronic periodontitis (n=25). Demographic characteristics and periodontal and renal parameters were recorded for each patient. Saliva samples were collected to evaluate Gal-3 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
Patients with chronic periodontitis and CKD and those with chronic periodontitis alone (Groups I and II, respectively) showed significantly higher salivary Gal-3 levels than patients with CKD alone (Group III) (p<0.001). Bivariate correlation analysis indicated a strong relationship between clinical parameters and Gal-3 levels across all three groups.
Conclusion
Salivary Gal-3 level is a valuable early diagnostic marker of chronic periodontitis and CKD.

Dentistry
Evaluation of periodontal status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome versus healthy women: a cross-sectional study: Sandhya Pavankumar, Pavan Kumar Yellarthi, Sandeep JN, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Trinath Kishore Damera, Naveen Vital Kumar G; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(Suppl):S17-S22. Published online May 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.00143

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Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 4% to 12% of females of reproductive age. Previous studies have shown an association between systemic and periodontal diseases. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of periodontal disease in women with PCOS and healthy women.
Methods
A total of 196 women aged 17 to 45 years were included in this study. Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), community periodontal index (CPI), and loss of attachment (LA) were assessed. Individuals who smoked, were pregnant, had any systemic disease (such as type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, osteoporosis, and thyroid dysfunction), had a history of systemic antibiotic use in the past three months, or received any periodontal intervention in the past 6 months of screening were excluded. Student t-test was used to analyze the data. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Despite similar OHI-S scores (p=0.972) in the two groups, women with PCOS had significantly higher GI, CPI, and LA scores than healthy women (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Periodontal disease was more prevalent in women with PCOS than in healthy women. This finding may be due to the synergistic effects of PCOS and periodontitis on proinflammatory cytokines. PCOS may have an effect on periodontal disease, and vice versa. Hence, education on periodontal health and early detection and intervention for periodontal diseases is of paramount importance in patients with PCOS.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Potential Link Between Oral Microbiota and Female Reproductive Health
Justyna Marcickiewicz, Małgorzata Jamka, Jarosław Walkowiak
Microorganisms.2025; 13(3): 619. CrossRef
The Association Between Periodontal Disease and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Vincenzo Bitonti, Tiziana Perri, Lorenzo Cigni, Domenico Familiari, Giuseppe Vazzana, Rocco Franco
Dentistry Journal.2025; 13(5): 188. CrossRef
Insight of the interrelationship and association mechanism between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus
Yongqiang Yang, Xia Sun, Yucheng Yang, Yingchun Qie
Regenerative Therapy.2024; 26: 1159. CrossRef

Dentistry
Regenerative potential of biphasic calcium phosphate and enamel matrix derivatives in the treatment of isolated interproximal intrabony defects: a randomized controlled trial: Pritish Chandra Pal, Ashish Bali, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Sangita Show, Kanikanti Siva Tejaswi, Sourabh Khandelwal; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(4):322-331. Published online September 2, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00325

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Abstract PDF

Background
The combined use of biomaterials for regeneration may have great biological relevance. This study aimed to compare the regenerative potential of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) alone and with growth factor enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) for the regeneration of intrabony defects at 1 year.
Methods
This randomized controlled trial included 40 sites in 29 patients with stage II/III periodontitis and 2/3 wall intrabony defects that were treated with BCP alone (control group) or a combination of BCP and EMD (test group). BCP alloplastic bone grafts provide better bio-absorbability and accelerate bone formation. EMDs are commercially available amelogenins. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated for the following parameters: plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), vertical probing pocket depth (V-PPD), vertical clinical attachment level (V-CAL), and radiographic defect depth (RDD). Student paired and unpaired t-tests were used to compare the data from baseline to 12 months for each group and between the groups, respectively. The results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
Results
At 12 months, the PI and PBI scores of the control and test groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). The mean V-PPD difference, V-CAL gain, and RDD difference were statistically significant in both groups at 12 months (p<0.001 for all parameters). Intergroup comparisons showed that the mean V-PPD reduction (2.13±1.35 mm), V-CAL gain (2.53±1.2 mm), and RDD fill (1.33±1.0 mm) were statistically significant between the groups at 12 months (p<0.001 for all parameters).
Conclusion
BCP and EMDs combination is a promising modality for the regeneration of intrabony defects.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The role of enamel matrix derivatives in periodontal regeneration following tooth replantation/transplantation: a narrative review of post-reperfusion injury
Junlin Yang, Shouyin Yi, Xin Yang, Lu Yin, Ming Yuan, Kun Tian
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
30 Years of Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD): Biological Foundations and Systematic Review With Meta‐Analyses Across Multiple Clinical Indications
Richard J. Miron, Nima Farshidfar, Yu‐Kang Tu, Chian‐Heng Su, Paras Ahmad, Nathan E. Estrin, Reinhard Gruber, Yoshinori Shirakata, Dieter D. Bosshardt, Mario Romandini, Anton Sculean
Journal of Periodontal Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of alloplastic materials, biologics, and their combinations, along with defect characteristics, on short-term intrabony defect surgical treatment outcomes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Khanti Rattanpornsompong, Kantapon Rattanaprukskul, Sikharate Prachanukoon, Kanokrat Sriwangyang, Mawika Rinkrathok, Junji Tagami, Thantrira Porntaveetus
BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Dentistry
Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and smoking status on hematological variables related to anemia of chronic disease in chronic periodontitis patient: a case-control study: Sangita Show, Somen Bagchi, Arka Kanti Dey, Ramanarayana Boyapati, Pritish Chandra Pal, Kanikanti Siva Tejaswi; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(3):244-249. Published online May 16, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00045

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Abstract PDF: Background
Chronic infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disorders are associated with anemia of chronic disease. Chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis may contribute to masked anemia, especially in smokers. This study was aimed at verifying and comparing the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for improving anemia among chronic periodontitis patients with and without the habit of smoking.
Methods
Thirty systemically healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis were divided into two groups of 15 each, smokers (group A) and nonsmokers (group B). The groups were compared based on hematological parameters such as serum erythropoietin (SE) and serum ferritin (SF) levels at baseline and 3 months after NSPT for anemia evaluation.
Results
The baseline SE levels in groups A and B were 11.84 and 15.19 mIU/mL (p=0.031), respectively; the corresponding levels at 3 months after NSPT were 13.00 and 17.74 mIU/mL (p=0.022). The baseline SF levels in groups A and B were 95.49 and 44.86 ng/mL (p=0.018), respectively; the corresponding levels at 3 months after NSPT were 77.06 and 39.05 ng/mL (p=0.009). Group B showed a significant increase and decrease in the SE and SF levels, respectively, at 3 months after NSPT (p=0.035 and p=0.039, respectively), whereas group A showed insignificant changes (p=0.253 and p=0.618, respectively).
Conclusion
NSPT led to an improvement in anemia among chronic periodontitis patients. However, the improvement is less in smokers compared to that in nonsmokers. Furthermore, SF and SE levels might serve as effective biomarkers for assessing anemia in smokers and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis.

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